Yakima River Basin Water Storage Feasibility Study

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Fish Habitats by Species Life Stage for USGS 2D Hydraulic Modeled Reaches

Metadata

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information: Originator: USDI; Bureau of Reclamation
Publication_Date: 6/26/2008
Publication_Time: Unknown
Title: Coho_Fry_12500cfs_Wapato_Reach
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Online_Linkage: \\IBR1EYOUNGD01\C$\Data_2_SDE_prep\test47filegd.gdb

Description:
Abstract:
Habitat locations for fish species life stages developed from two dimensional hydraulogic modeling information for a specific reach and flow level listed in the data sets name.

Purpose:
This is part of a larger study known as the Yakima River Basin Water Storage Feasability Study (YRBWSFS). The modeling was conducted to support analysis of how fish habitats change in the reach specified in this data sets name, based on flow variations. The final data sets will be used to help determine how fish habitat will be effected by potential new water storage options.

Supplemental_Information:
This data set is part of a larger set of information. Below is a listing of the modeled flows for each reach: Easton Reach - 250, 500, 700, 900, 1100, 1300, 1500, 1750, 2000 Kittitas Reach - 667, 800, 1032, 1288, 1700, 2311, 2770, 2864, 3146, 4000, 5000, 6500, 8000, 10000 Naches Reach - 250, 500, 720, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2680, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000 Union Gap Reach - 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000 Wapato Reach - 300, 500, 750, 1491, 2000, 2450, 5000, 7500, 15000

For each flow level, habitat for specific fish species (bulltrout, coho, rainbow trout, spring chinook, steelhead) at different life stages (fry, holding, incubation, spawning, subyearling, subyearling overwintering, yearling) were developed. Not every combination of species and life stage were developed.

The following reaches in the Yakima River Basin have had similar data produced from USGS developed hydraulic modeling: Union Gap, Wapato The following reaches in the Yakima River Basin have had similar data produced from Reclamation modeling: Easton, Kittitas, Naches

A separate metadata record exists for the Reclamation modeled reaches, since a different 2D hydraulic modeling approach was used.

Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 200510
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.441740
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.333307
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.496509
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.418280

Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Habitat
Theme_Keyword: Fish
Theme_Keyword: Riparian
Theme_Keyword: In-Stream Habitat
Theme_Keyword: hydrology
Theme_Keyword: water
Theme_Keyword: species

Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Pacific Northwest
Place_Keyword: Washignton
Place_Keyword: Yakima Basin

Access_Constraints:
The USDI Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) provides public domain spatial data without restrictions. Access to spatial data that are considered 1) works in-progress, 2) for internal use, or 3) confidential, sensitive, or private may be restricted. Access to such data may require a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request. For further information, contact the Geospatial Data Administrator (see Point of Contact info).

Use_Constraints:
The USDI Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) provides spatial data """"""""as-is"""""""" without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, any warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. In no event will the producers of Reclamation spatial data be liable for any damages arising from the use of, or the inability to use, these data. The user assumes all responsibility for spatial and attribute accuracy, completeness, validity, and appropriateness with regard to the suitability of these spatial data for any specific use or application, and such use or application is at the user's own risk.

Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Upper Columbia Area Office, USDI Bureau of Reclamation
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: US Bureau of Reclamation Box 1749 1917 Marsh Road
City: Yakima
State_or_Province: WA
Postal_Code: 98907-1794
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 509-575-5848
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 509-454-5611
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eyoung@pn.usbr.gov
Hours_of_Service: 0730-1600
Contact_Instructions:

Data_Set_Credit:
Denver Technical Service Center, USDI Bureau of Reclamation USGS; Columbia River Research Laboratory

Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.0.1770

Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Bed elevation used in the modeling process is tied to the accuracies of the bathymetric LiDAR work conducted in 2004 and 2005 with a listed error or 0.25 meters (suspected accuracy is 0.1 meters).

The habitat classifications are tied to the water surface elevation, bed elevation, and water velocity from the modeling process.

For more information, see the process section of this document.

Logical_Consistency_Report: polygon topology exists
Completeness_Report: Completely finished for the project areas. The habitat analysis was completed for the following reaches: Easton, Kittitas, Naches, Union Gap, Wapato
Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The horizontal accuracy value is based on the published accuracies for the equipment used when collecting the bathymetric LiDAR data (0.25 meters). This is the major data set used to create the three dimensional mesh for the modeling. The modeling output was then used to determine fish species habitat locations. Based on error analysis, it is believed that the accuracy value is closer to 0.1. However the modeling process undoubtedly added further error to the base data. Also, the propagation of the modeling point outputs to a continuous surface adds error, especially around the river edges.

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.25
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy value is based on the published accuracies for the equipment used when collecting the bathymetric LiDAR data (0.25 meters). This is the major data set used to create the three dimensional mesh for the modeling. The modeling output was then used to determine fish species habitat locations. Based on error analysis, it is believed that the accuracy value is closer to 0.1. However the modeling process undoubtedly added further error to the base data. Also, the propagation of the modeling point outputs to a continuous surface adds error, especially around the river edges.
Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.25
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
This dataset was produced through a three step process: 1) Two dimensional hydraulic model created for the specific reaches. 2) Habitat location analysis conducted using the two dimensional hydraulic model outputs. 3) Habitat location analysis overlayed with general habitat classifications for added value and cross checking attachment to the main river system.

THE FOLLOWING IS A DESCRIPTION OF THE ORIGINAL TWO DIMENSIONAL HYDRAULIC MODELING WORK: Model ouput variables were estimated for the Gap Reach of the Yakima River under steady-state flow by means of two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling. The River 2D model used a two-dimensional finite element method to solve the two-dimensional shallow water flow equations. For a detailed explanation of the model, see Ghanem, A.H., P.M. Steffler, F.E. Hicks, and C. Katopodis, 1995, Two-dimensional finite element modeling of aquatic habitats:, Water Resources Engineering Report No. 95-S1, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. The conditions simulated were for a flow of 283.17 cu. m/s with a downstream water surface elevation of 288.5 m. The bed elevation surface upon which the hydrodynamic simulation was based was derived from multiple survey methods ranging from USGS boat surveys to total station data collected in small secluded sections of this reach. Final mesh was irregulary spaced varying between 2.5 to 25 meters. Final CDG files from River2D were imported into ArGIS. The final data set is in the form of a ArcGIS shapefile.

Bureau of Reclamation's UCAO office received the modeling data from the USGS and have modified minor parts of it. The changes are listed below: 1) Metadata keywords changed to include both location and theme information. 2) Attribute names changed to reflect same naming convertions of USBR modeling work. 3) Vertical and horizontal accuracies changed from a value representing units in centimeters to units in meters. 4) Water surface elevation and water depth values for locations with a froude number of 0 were changed to -3.2808 (null value used in USBR modeled areas). This resulted in pools with a Froude value = 0 being classified as land even with the model showing it being watered. For the Union Gap Reach at any modeled flow, this effected less that 0.0004% of the total 2D modeling points in the entire data set and less than 0.0034% of the pool designated 2D modeling points. The average depth of water in these areas was 0.7 inches. 5) Water velocity values were changed to a value of 0 (to be consistent with USBR modeled areas) for locations with a froude number of 0. 6) Certain attributes were deleted.

THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTION IS FROM THE USGS PERSONNEL RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HABITAT LOCATION ANALYSIS 1) Hydraulic habitat shapefiles a) Delphi exercise completed in May, 2006 to define suitable ranges of depths and velocities for each pertinent life stage of each target species: i) Bull trout ii) Coho iii) Fall chinook iv) Resident rainbow trout v) Spring chinook vi) Steelhead b) Two different types of reclassification tables developed from the Delphi definitions: i) Step 1 - Basic depth and velocity reclass tables developed to include and classify each break point of the variable from all the Delphi classifications combined. ii) Step 2 - Individual depth and velocity reclass tables developed for each life stage, based on the classes delineated in Step 1. [Note- the two-step reclassification was necessary because of the overlapping, but non-identical habitat suitability criteria developed by the Delphi panel.] c) Shapefiles containing hydraulic data for each simulated discharge obtained from Robb Hilldale. Each point shapefile was triangulated (TIN) and converted to depth, velocity, water surface, and water surface gradient grids, respectively. TINs and grids were clipped using the clip polygon shapefiles provided by Robb. d) Individual depth and velocity grids reclassified using the reclass tables developed under step b1, and combined into a single depth/velocity grid for each flow. e) Hydraulic habitat grids for each life stage developed by reclassifying the combined grids with the reclass tables defined in Step b2. f) All grids were converted to polygons, and the items "Target" (a code for the species and life stage) and "Flow" (showing the discharge pertaining to the shapefile) added to the attribute tables. 2) Shoreline buffered hydraulic habitat for fry, all species. a) Purpose - the general consensus of biologists we consulted, including members of the Delphi panel, suggested that newly-emerged fry tended to occupy shallow, low-velocity areas along the shorelines, that shallow, slow areas elsewhere (i.e., in the middle of the channel) were not utilized, and therefore, should not be considered to be viable habitat for this life stage. b) Development of the shoreline buffer polygon. i) The depth grids for each simulated flow were reclassified to distinguish wet and dry cells. ii) The reclassified grids were converted to polygon shapefiles, and all polygons representing dry areas were removed. iii) The remaining "wet" polygons were converted to polylines, and the polylines buffered by five feet to create polygons of wet areas within five feet of the water's edge. c) The hydraulic habitat (e.g., shallow, slow) polygons for the fry life stage of each species were intersected with the appropriate shoreline buffer polygon for each flow, resulting in polygons representing suitable hydraulic conditions within five feet of the shoreline. 3) "Feeding station" habitat for juvenile salmonids (summer rearing only). a) Purpose - Many biologists have observed that juvenile and resident adult salmonids select areas of streams having a combination of relatively slow water adjacent to a zone of relatively fast water. This combination provides an energetically efficient "feeding station" wherein the slow water area can be occupied by the fish without expending much energy to maintain position, and the nearby zone of higher velocity provides a higher delivery rate of drifting food items. The purpose of this exercise was to depict this phenomenon. Methods described below should be considered experimental at this point, and may be subject to modification (or not used in the DSS). b) Delineation of velocity shear zones. i) Velocity gradients utilized by salmonids estimated from observations of actively feeding juvenile rainbow in several streams in Colorado during the early 1990s. (1) Only data for rainbow trout between 7 and 30 cm TL used in the analysis. (2) Velocity gradients calculated as the difference between the velocity occupied by the fish and the adjacent velocity, divided by the distance between the location of the fish and the location of the adjacent velocity: Vslope = (Vadjacent - Vfocal point)/Distance (3) Data for non-positive velocity gradients were removed from the data set (approximately 10% of the observations). (4) Remaining data sorted by velocity gradient, in ascending order. The break-point for a minimally suitable velocity gradient was arbitrarily set at the 10% probability level for occupied locations. In other words, 90% of the observed fish utilized a velocity gradient equal to or greater than the gradient at the break-point. The velocity gradients for observations in this trimmed data set ranged from a minimum of 13% to a maximum of 250%. ii) Velocity grids for each simulated flows were used as input to the Slope_3d algorithm (Percent rise option) in ArcGis to create grids of velocity gradients. The velocity gradient grids were then reclassified according to the criteria defined in the previous step. iii) The reclassified velocity gradient grids were converted to polygon shapefiles, which were then expanded by a five foot buffer. iv) Intersections were performed using the buffered velocity gradient polygons and the hydraulic habitat polygons for sub-yearling and yearling life stages. The result was a series of polygon shapefiles representing areas of suitable depths and focal point velocities within five feet of a velocity shear zone having a gradient of 13% to 250%. Notes: The five-foot buffer around the velocity gradient polygon was entirely arbitrary. The observations from the Colorado data indicated that most of the fish locations were within two feet of the measured adjacent velocity, and relatively few were more than four feet away. The five-foot buffer was used in this experiment to ensure at least some overlap between the velocity shear area and the suitable hydraulic habitat. Redefining the buffer width and re-running the intersections would be a relatively trivial matter.

The adjacent velocities for many of the observations from the Colorado data were described as "overhead." The distance used to define the velocity gradients for these locations was set at 1 foot. This is probably not a terrible assumption, but true overhead velocities can not be described by a 2-d model. To achieve this level of detail would require a 3-d model, and probably would constrain the analysis to much smaller areas.

The "spot size" (i.e., the area represented by a data point) of the Lidar data used to describe the bathymetry of the Easton, Kittitas, and Naches reaches was about 2 m in diameter. Consequently, the level of detail in the hydraulic models for these reaches is likely to be somewhat coarser than for the Union Gap (and presumably Wapato) reaches, where the bathymetry was defined using higher precision survey techniques. Although the simulations for the upper three reaches are lacking in fine detail, it does appear that the velocity gradient grids were sufficient to depict shear zones at the tailouts of riffles and around point bars. Any feature smaller than about 2 m in diameter (e.g., individual boulders), however, is not likely to be detected by this model.

THE FOLLOWING IS A DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERAL HABITAT CLASSIFICATION DEVELOPMENT: 1) All flow levels for a specific reach were combined using the ArcGIS 'update' tool. 2) Any non-attached wetted area was eliminated from the dataset. 3) Reclamation biologists classified the habitat into the following categories: backwater, beaver pond, braid, groundwater, main, pond outlet, side channel, wetland, by overlaying ortho-photography with the combined modeled flow levels. 4) The results from step three above were combined with the USGS species life stage specific analysis to incorporate the general habitat classifications into an attribute.

Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDI; USGS; Columbia River Research Laboratory

Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 5501-A Cook-Underwood Rd.
City: Cook
State_or_Province: WA
Postal_Code: 98605-9717
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (509) 538-2299
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (509) 538-2843
Hours_of_Service: 0730-1600
Contact_Instructions:

Cloud_Cover: 0

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:
VectorPoint_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 14263
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Label point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 55
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 55
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4

Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Conformal Conic
Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
Standard_Parallel: 45.833333
Standard_Parallel: 47.333333
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -120.500000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 45.333333
False_Easting: 1640416.666667
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000328
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000328
Planar_Distance_Units: survey feet

Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Resolution: 0.000100
Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Coho_Fry_12500cfs_Wapato_Reach
Entity_Type_Definition: Polygon attribute table
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Denver Technical Services Center, USDI Bureau of Reclamation

Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.

Attribute:
Attribute_Label: HABITAT
Attribute_Definition: Description of the general habitat types.
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: backwater
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: beaver pond
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: braid Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: groundwater
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: main
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: pond outlet
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: side channel
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: wetland

Attribute:
Attribute_Label: habitat
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Shape_Length
Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in internal units.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape_Area
Attribute_Definition: Area of feature in internal units squared.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Contains attributes on the fish habitat classifications

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Upper Columbia Area Office, USDI Bureau of Reclamation
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist

Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: US Bureau of Reclamation Box 1749 1917 Marsh Road
City: Yakima
State_or_Province: WA
Postal_Code: 98907-1794
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 509-575-5848
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 509-454-5611
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eyoung@pn.usbr.gov
Hours_of_Service: 0730-1600
Contact_Instructions:

Resource_Description:
U. S. Bureau of Reclamation's Yakima River Basin DatabaseDistribution_Liability: The USDI Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) provides spatial data ""as-is"" without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, any warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. In no event will the producers of Reclamation spatial data be liable for any damages arising from the use of, or the inability to use, these data. Reclamation liability is limited to providing a replacement copy for requested data sets that are not readable upon receipt.

The user assumes all responsibility for spatial and attribute accuracy, completeness, validity and appropriateness with regard to the suitability of these spatial data for any specific use or application, and such use or application is at the user's own risk.

Spatial data provided by the Reclamation are public domain, and the recipient may not assert any proprietary rights thereto nor represent data sets as other than government-produced data.

Standard_Order_Process:
Fees: No fees for electronic download. Processing, media, and shipping fees may apply for CD-ROM requests.
Ordering_Instructions:
Contact Geospatial Data Administrator or GIS Coordinator for custom data requests.
Turnaround: Processing time and delivery will vary depending on the size and complexity of the request.
Standard_Order_Process: Fees: Actual costs to produce cartographic products, including labor, plotting costs, and shipping.
Ordering_Instructions: Contact the Geospatial Data Administrator or GIS Coordinator to request non-digital data products.
Turnaround: Processing time will vary with the specific request.
Custom_Order_Process: Contact Geospatial Data Administrator or GIS Coordinator for custom data requests.
Available_Time_Period:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Time_of_Day: unknown

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20081201
Metadata_Review_Date: 20010814
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Upper Columbia Area Office, USDI Bureau of Reclamation
Contact_Person: REQUIRED:
The person responsible for the metadata information.
Contact_Position: GIS Specialist

Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: US Bureau of Reclamation Box 1749 1917 Marsh Road
City: Yakima
State_or_Province: WA
Postal_Code: 98907-1794
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 509-575-5848
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 509-454-5611
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: eyoung@pn.usbr.gov
Hours_of_Service: 0730-1600
Contact_Instructions:

Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
Metadata_Use_Constraints: none
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified

Generated by mp version 2.9.6 on Mon Dec 01 12:05:37 2008

Last Updated: 8/19/20